As mentioned above, the rear Limited spring is very slightly softer and shorter, likely to reduce ride height and improve appearance. The stock ride height on the 036 was too tall in the rear from the factory IMO. This likely was more obvious with 17" wheels and the spring tweak helped fix this.
Used spring free length rarely measure much different than new springs, btw. There is already substantial variation between new springs. And contrary to popular belief, springs rarely "wear out" or "sag". You'll see more change in ride height up front with new struts, and zero with new springs (unless the spring bottom coil is broken).
Wheels are unsprung weight and have no effect on spring rate/selection.
No idea where the #37 springs came from or why they were used, and they don't exist in any MB systems. If I didn't have a pair in my hands to see for myself, I wouldn't believe they existed at all. I suspect they may have been installed on late-production facelift cars but really don't know for sure.